Aircraft anchor



, A. P. DE SEVER AIRCRAFT ANCHOR Filed Dec. 22, 1931 2 s-Sheet 1.

' 1N VENTOR A TTORNE'Y July 23, 1935 A. P. DE SEVERSKY 2,009,356

'- AIRCRAFT ANCHOR I Filed Dec. 22, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR BY M2245 5% A TTORNEY Patented July 23, 1935 2,009,356

REISSUE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE AIRCRAFT ANCHOR Alexander P. deSeversky, New York, N. Y., 218- signor to Seversky Aircraft Corporation,Farmingdale, N. Y., a. corporation of Delaware Application December 22,1931, Serial No. 582,552

Claims. (Cl. 244-2) The present invention relates to aircraft andforward end an anchor 6 which may be retracted has-for an object toprovide an improved anchor into position securely against the bow of thebody arrangement for use with such aircraft. with the shank 8 projectinginto a suitable re- An effective anchor is a necessary part of the cesswhile the anchor head 10 forms the bow.

5 equipment of a hydro-aeroplane and is sometimes The exposed face ofthe anchor is formed to con- 5 a desirable part of the equipment ofaircraft of tinue. the streamline contour of the part against othertypes. In view of the high wind resistance which or into which it isretractable whether the of aircraft as compared with boats a relativelystreamline contour is afforded by the main strucheavy anchor isnecessary and yet it is desirable ture or by a stream lining shell oflight weight 10 to add as little as possible to the weight of theconstruction. A suitable cable H is secured to 10 craft. the free end ofthe shank and leads to a winch The present invention providesanarrangement 12, operable to pay out or draw in the anchor. in which theanchor constitutes a structurally The housing for the shank of theanchor carries unitary part of the craft when in flight, an ara coilspring l3 which is compressed when the 5 rangement which economizesweight and avoids anchor is retracted and which projects the anadding tothe wind resistance on account of the chor from the housing when thewinch is released anchor and anchor fittings. In the preferred for thispurpose. form the anchor forms when retracted a stress The anchor isshown as of the mushroom type resisting bumper for the craft. with thehead constituting the bottom engaging In the preferred embodiment of theinvention element and formed to provide a generally cir- 20 the anchorforms a part of the bow of the craft cular relative sharp edge l5 whichwill sink into and it is made in part of rubber or other resilient, sandor gravel to provide an effective grip. The material to constitute abumper for yieldably rehead is preferably mounted eccentrically on thesisting shocks, as for example when the craft shaft so that as theanchor is drawn into the taxies into a dock or an obstruction. body andthe shank approaches a horizontal po- .25

The nature and objects of the invention will sition the weight of thehead will tend to rotate be better understood from a description of aparthe anchor to normal upright position. The ticular illustrativeembodiment for the purpose shank is shown as sufficiently round topermit of which description reference should be had to the another torotate in the guideway I6 into the accompanying drawings forming a parttherewhich it is drawn by the cable H but it may be 30 of and in which:somewhat flattened on its underside as indicated Figure 1 is adiagrammatic view of an embodiat H to inhibit oscillation after it comesto posiment of the invention, tion. If desired provision may be made formore Figure 2 is a detail cross-sectional view of the positively guidingthe anchor to the-desired upanchor in position in the body of the craft,right positioneither as an addition to or as an 35 Figure 3 is a frontview of the anchor, alternative for the gravity arrangement. In Figure 4is a perspective view of the anchor rethe particular structure shown therib or fin ceiving recess, I8 is formed on the anchor shank and a cor-Figure 5 is a cross-sectional detail view of the responding recess I9 isformed with guides en- 40 winch, gageable with the fin to turn itgradually to- 40 Figure 6 is a side view of the winch, and, ward thefinal position. The arrangement of the Figures 7 and 8 are detail viewsof the brake fin and recess however permit free rotation of sleeve. theshank toward normal position, especially In the arrangement shown forthe purpose of during the earlier part of the retractingmoveillustrating the principles of the invention, a hyment. It is to benoted that the retractile move- 45 dro-aeroplane is provided with ananchor which ment of the anchor is such that sand or gravel isretractable into the body of the craft and caught in the mushroom headand any water will when so retracted continues the streamline confallout under the influence of gravity before tour. Preferably the anchorwhen in retracted the anchor seats against the end of the boat.

position forms a structurally unitary part of the or pontoon body. 50craft and constitutes a part of the stress resisting The head I0 of theanchor may consist of makeup of the craft. a metal casting and securedthereto a resili- -Referring to the particular structure illustratentbumper member of rubber or other resilied the body 5 which may be thestreamline fuseent material designed to protect the craft against 5lage, pontoon or the like, is formed to carry at its the force ofcollision. The outer face of the 30 threaded onto the fixed sleeve 2 I.The thread shown is a fast thread to prevent locking of the brake whenthe anchor is running out. The sleeve 30 carries at its inner end abrake disc 3| between which and an opposite brake disc 32 the hub of thedrum is clamped with a braking action to avoid racing of the anchor whenreleased. A coil spring 35 within the fixed sleeve 2| tends to rotatethe brake operating sleeve to release the brake when said sleeve is notengaged by the operating handle.

'A ratchet 36 is engaged by a pawl 31 to hold the anchor positivelyagainst outward movement in any position. This pawl is held in operativeor inoperative position by an over center spring 38;

The arrangement described saves weight in the craft by providing forusing a necessary part of the craft for an anchor while the constructionis such that little if any weight is added to the bow structure.

The particular arrangement described is illustrative merely and is notintended as defining the limits of the invention. It will be understoodthat the anchor could form a part of another portion of the aircraft, asfor example, the

. spreader strut between the pontoons, or the wing,

etc., without departing from the spirit of the invention as defined inthe claims.

1. An anchor for aircraft comprising a body engaging element havingformed as a part thereof a resilient bumper so positioned that when saidanchor is supported in an aircraft said bumper will cushion shocks ofobjects with which said aircraft may collide.

2. An aircraft comprising a body portion, and an anchor retractableagainst the bow of said body the forward face of said anchor whenretracted against the body being of resilient material to absorb shocks.

3. An aircraft comprising a body portion and an anchor having a shankand a head thereon retractable against said body portion and forming astructurally unitary part of said body with its exposed outer contourwhen retracted shaped to continue the contour of said body, the shank ofthe anchor and said body being formed with interengaging guiding meansto insure the desired positioning of the anchor when retracted into thebody.

4. An aircraft comprising a body portion and an anchor having a shankand a head thereon retractable against said body portion and forming astructurally unitary part of said body with its exposed outer contourwhen retracted shaped to continue the contour of said body, the shank ofthe anchor being excentric to the center of gravity of the anchor headand being freely rotatable in the body during a portion of theretracting movement into the body whereby the anchor assumes the desiredposition under the action of gravity.

5. An aircraft comprising a body portion and an anchor having a shankand a head thereon retractable against said body portion and forming astructurally unitary part of said body with its exposed outer contourwhen retracted shaped to continue the contour of said' body, the shankof the anchor being formed with a fin and the body being formed with aguiding means engageable with the fin to turn the anchor topredetermined position.

I ALEXANDER P. DE SEVERSKY.

